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Related Concept Videos

Metacognition01:26

Metacognition

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Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
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According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
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Understanding Consciousness01:23

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Consciousness can be defined as the state of being aware of and able to think about one's existence, sensations, and surroundings. It encompasses two major components: awareness and arousal. Awareness pertains to the recognition of environmental stimuli and internal states. At the same time, arousal refers to the physiological readiness to engage with these stimuli, which varies significantly between states like sleep and wakefulness.
Sleep, a crucial state, is characterized by reduced...
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High-Level and Low-Level Awareness01:19

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Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
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The concept of subconscious awareness refers to the processing of information below the level of conscious thought, which significantly influences both behaviors and decisions. It is also known as waking subconscious awareness. This complex level of cognition operates without the direct awareness of the individual, facilitating rapid and simultaneous handling of multiple information streams.
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Self-Concept

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Self-concept is the cognitive and emotional understanding individuals hold about their identity. It evolves through various developmental stages, beginning in infancy and maturing as children grow. This concept influences how individuals perceive their abilities, interact with others, and manage challenges throughout life.
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Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Observing the Transformation of Bodily Self-consciousness in the Squeeze-machine Experiment
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Reflexivity gradient-Consciousness knowing itself.

Zoran Josipovic1,2

  • 1Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, United States.

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Summary
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Consciousness achieving self-awareness is a greater evolutionary feat than mere phenomenal experience. This review explores consciousness

Keywords:
awareness of awarenessconsciousness itselfnondual awarenessnondual reflexivityreflexivity gradient

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Philosophy of Mind
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Phenomenal consciousness is often cited as a major evolutionary achievement.
  • However, a deeper achievement may be consciousness recognizing itself.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the reflexivity of consciousness from its own perspective.
  • To analyze different theories of reflexivity in light of nondual awareness.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual review of consciousness theories.
  • Philosophical analysis of nondual awareness and reflexivity.

Main Results:

  • Consciousness recognizing itself represents a higher evolutionary achievement than mere phenomenality.
  • Nondual awareness possesses non-representational reflexivity.
  • Existing theories of reflexivity represent varying degrees of distance between the knower and the known.

Conclusions:

  • Self-recognition within consciousness is a key aspect of its evolution.
  • Nondual reflexivity offers a framework for understanding diverse theories of consciousness.
  • Understanding consciousness' reflexivity is crucial for advancing its study.