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Prevalence and Pattern of Ocular Diseases Among Children Aged 7-14 Years Visiting a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Mihika Dube1, Saroj Gupta2, Deepayan Sarkar2

  • 1Ophthalmology, Ram Krishna Dharmarth Foundation (RKDF) Medical College and Hospital, Bhopal, IND.

Cureus
|September 9, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Refractive errors are the most common childhood eye problem in central India, affecting over half of children. Early detection through school screenings can prevent vision loss and improve overall development.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood ocular morbidity significantly impacts development.
  • Prevalence and patterns of pediatric eye diseases vary geographically.
  • Timely diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing long-term visual impairment in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and pattern of ocular diseases in children aged 7-14 years.
  • To investigate ocular morbidity in children presenting to a tertiary care hospital in central India.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center, hospital-based cross-sectional study.
  • Inclusion of 1276 children aged 7-14 years.
  • Comprehensive ocular examinations and diagnosis recording.

Main Results:

  • Refractive error was the most common ocular morbidity (51.1%), significantly higher in older children (11-14 years).
  • Infection/inflammation of the adnexa was the second most prevalent (18.8%), with higher incidence in males.
  • Other morbidities included squint, neuro-ophthalmological diseases, trauma, and congenital conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Most childhood ocular disorders are preventable and treatable.
  • Refractive errors are the leading cause of ocular morbidity in this pediatric population.
  • School-based screening programs are recommended for early detection and correction of refractive errors to prevent amblyopia.
Abstract

Keywords:
central indiachildrenocular morbidityprevalencerefractive error

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