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Juvenile primary hypertension is associated with attenuated macro- and microvascular dilator function independently

Martina Kos1,2, Tihana Nađ1,2, Ana Stupin3,4

  • 1Clinic of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Osijek.

Journal of Hypertension
|September 9, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Primary hypertension in children impairs blood vessel function and increases oxidative stress, even without affecting BMI. This study highlights early endothelial dysfunction in pediatric hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood hypertension is a growing global concern.
  • Endothelial dysfunction is linked to adult hypertension but understudied in children.
  • Understanding early vascular changes is crucial for long-term health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the link between primary hypertension in children and macrovascular/microvascular function.
  • To assess the role of oxidative stress in pediatric hypertension-related vascular changes.
  • To determine if Body Mass Index (BMI) influences these associations.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 52 children (26 normotensive, 26 hypertensive), aged 9-17.
  • Assessed microvascular responses (PORH, LTH, AChID, SNPID) using laser Doppler flowmetry.
  • Measured brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and oxidative stress biomarkers (8-iso-PGF2α).

Main Results:

  • Hypertensive children showed impaired microvascular responses (PORH, AChID, LTH) and reduced FMD.
  • Endothelium-independent vasodilation (SNPID) was not different between groups.
  • Elevated levels of the oxidative stress marker 8-iso-PGF2α were found in hypertensive children, independent of BMI.

Conclusions:

  • Primary hypertension in children is associated with reduced endothelial function and impaired responses to stimuli.
  • Juvenile hypertension involves increased vascular oxidative stress.
  • These vascular alterations occur independently of BMI in pediatric hypertension.
Abstract

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