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Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
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Syntactic flexibility and lexical encoding in aging sentence production: an eye tracking study.

Joshua D Weirick1, Jiyeon Lee1

  • 1Aphasia Research Laboratory, Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.

Frontiers in Psychology
|September 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Healthy aging preserves sentence structure flexibility but impairs word retrieval. Older adults show longer-lasting word priming effects, potentially linked to reduced verbal working memory capacity.

Keywords:
eye trackinghealthy aginglexical processingprimingsentence production

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Human Aging Research

Background:

  • Sentence production involves intricate lexical encoding and syntactic structuring.
  • The impact of healthy aging on these distinct sentence production processes remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how aging affects lexical encoding and syntactic formulation in sentence production.
  • To determine the contribution of verbal working memory to age-related sentence production changes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized auditory lexical priming and eye-tracking-while-speaking paradigms with 20 older and 20 younger adults.
  • Manipulated priming of agent, theme, and goal nouns in transitive and dative sentence descriptions.
  • Measured priming effects on offline syntactic production and real-time eye fixations during speech planning.

Main Results:

  • Older adults demonstrated comparable offline syntactic priming effects to younger adults.
  • However, older adults exhibited prolonged lexical priming effects on eye fixations during early sentence planning.
  • Preliminary findings suggest reduced verbal working memory may contribute to these extended lexical effects in older adults.

Conclusions:

  • Syntactic flexibility in sentence formulation appears largely preserved in healthy aging.
  • Lexical encoding processes are more vulnerable to age-related decline, potentially influenced by verbal working memory capacity.