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Outcome of COVID-19 infection in patients on antihypertensives: A cross-sectional study

Sakthivadivel Varatharajan1, Gopal K Bohra2, Pradeep K Bhatia3

  • 1Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Bibinagar, Hyderabad 508126, Telangana, India. vsakthivadivel28@gmail.com.

World Journal of Critical Care Medicine
|September 10, 2024
PubMed

Insights

The type of antihypertensive drug did not impact COVID-19 outcomes, but longer use of these medications was linked to worse results in hypertensive patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hypertension is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 patients, associated with adverse outcomes.
  • Antihypertensive medications' impact on COVID-19 prognosis remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of different antihypertensive agents on COVID-19 outcomes.
  • To identify factors influencing mortality in hypertensive COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • 260 hypertensive COVID-19 patients were categorized by antihypertensive drug class (ACEI/ARB, CCB, beta-blockers, combination, or none).
  • Clinical data, laboratory markers (inflammatory, hematological), infection severity, ICU admission, and mortality were analyzed.
  • Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of mortality.

Main Results:

  • Calcium channel blockers (CCB) were associated with higher rates of acute respiratory distress syndrome, critical illness, ICU intervention, and mortality.
  • Longer duration of antihypertensive therapy (cutoff 4.5 years) was significantly associated with increased mortality (AUC 0.670).
  • Age, inflammatory markers (ESR, hs-CRP, IL-6), and duration of antihypertensive therapy predicted mortality.

Conclusions:

  • The specific type of antihypertensive medication did not influence COVID-19 clinical course or mortality.
  • Prolonged use of antihypertensive therapy is a significant risk factor for poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
AntihypertensiveCOVID-19HypertensionMortalityOutcome

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