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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...

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Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis
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Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis: A pooled quantitative analysis of published cases.

Allison M Parrill1, Allen Tsiyer2, Joshua Fogel3

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Seneca, South Carolina, USA. allisonmparrill@gmail.com.

Folia Medica Cracoviensia
|September 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare kidney disease. Patients with bilateral or horseshoe kidney involvement, requiring dialysis, or undergoing specific surgeries face higher risks of poor outcomes.

Keywords:
PyelonephritisXanthogranulomatousnephrolithiasisnephrologyurology

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Inflammatory Diseases
  • Urology

Background:

  • Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare, severe inflammatory kidney condition with an unknown cause.
  • Understanding risk factors and outcomes is crucial for managing this serious disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis cases.
  • To identify predictors of poor patient outcomes and complications in XGP.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search using "Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous."
  • Analysis of 251 patient cases, examining demographics, symptoms, and treatments.
  • Multivariate logistic regression to assess associations with composite outcomes and complications.

Main Results:

  • Fever and renal stones were common symptoms/findings.
  • 15.5% experienced the composite outcome (e.g., complications, CKD, death).
  • Bilateral/horseshoe kidney, dialysis, and specific surgical treatments significantly increased poor outcome odds.

Conclusions:

  • XGP patients with bilateral/horseshoe kidneys, dialysis needs, or undergoing nephrostomy/nephrectomy require aggressive management.
  • Identifying these risk factors aids in mitigating adverse patient outcomes in Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis.