Influenza A (H1N1) in Hospitalized Children.

Area of Science:

• Pediatrics
• Infectious Diseases
• Virology

Background:

• Influenza A (H1N1) is a contagious respiratory infection.
• While often benign, H1N1 influenza can be severe in infants and children with chronic diseases.
• Severity depends on virus strain, immunity, and individual health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the clinical profile of hospitalized infants and children with H1N1 influenza.
• To identify common symptoms and comorbidities in pediatric H1N1 cases.
• To understand the outcomes of H1N1 influenza in a pediatric hospital setting.

Main Methods:

• Prospective and descriptive study from November 2018 to January 2024.
• Included children under 14 hospitalized for severe lower respiratory infection with virological testing.
• Utilized multiplex PCR and rapid influenza diagnostic tests.

Main Results:

• 45 confirmed H1N1 influenza cases in children aged average 2 years 4 months.
• Respiratory distress was the primary admission reason; 53% had comorbidities like asthma.
• Common presentations included viral bronchiolitis, asthma exacerbations, and pneumonia; 3 patients required intensive care.

Conclusions:

• Preventive measures are vital for managing H1N1 influenza in children.
• Influenza vaccination is strongly recommended for children with underlying health conditions.
• Prompt diagnosis and management lead to favorable outcomes.