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Disrupted Human-Dog Interbrain Neural Coupling in Autism-Associated Shank3 Mutant Dogs.

Wei Ren1,2, Shan Yu3, Kun Guo4

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|September 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered synchronized brain activity between humans and dogs during social interactions. This synchronization, linked to attention and familiarity, was impaired in dogs with Shank3 mutations, a model for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but restored by lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD).

Keywords:
Shank3autism spectrum disordershuman–dog dyadsinterbrain neural couplingslysergic acid diethylamide

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Comparative Psychology
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Human-dog interactions are intimate and effective, yet the neural basis of this cross-species communication remains unclear.
  • Interbrain activity coupling, or neural synchronization between individuals, is recognized as fundamental to social interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cross-species interbrain activity coupling in interacting human-dog dyads.
  • To explore the neural mechanisms underlying human-dog social communication and its alterations in a model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Main Methods:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to record neural activity from both humans and dogs during interaction.
  • Analysis focused on interbrain synchronization, information flow, and the effects of Shank3 mutations and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) treatment.

Main Results:

  • Mutual gaze and petting induced significant interbrain synchronization in frontal and parietal regions, respectively, in human-dog dyads.
  • Synchronization strength increased with dyad familiarity over five days, with humans acting as leaders and dogs as followers.
  • Dogs with Shank3 mutations exhibited reduced interbrain coupling and attention, which were ameliorated by LSD administration.

Conclusions:

  • This study reveals novel cross-species interbrain synchronization in human-dog dyads, potentially underpinning their social communication.
  • Shank3 mutation-associated social deficits in dogs may be a relevant model for ASD, and LSD shows potential for treating such impairments.