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Updated: May 1, 2026

Multicolor Flow Cytometry Analyses of Cellular Immune Response in Rhesus Macaques
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Brain Charts for the Rhesus Macaque Lifespan.

S Alldritt1, J S B Ramirez2,3, R Vos de Wael2

  • 1Center for the Integrative Developmental Neuroscience, Child Mind Institute.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|September 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study created the first normative brain growth charts for rhesus macaques, essential for understanding neurodevelopment and aging in this primate model. These charts aid cross-species research, advancing translational neuroscience.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Comparative Anatomy

Background:

  • Human brain development has reference standards, but nonhuman primate (NHP) models lack similar growth charts.
  • Rhesus macaques are valuable NHP models due to similarities with humans in brain anatomy, behavior, and genetics.
  • Understanding NHP brain development is crucial for translational neuroscience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish normative growth charts for brain structure across the rhesus macaque lifespan.
  • To map developmental trajectories of brain volume, cortical thickness, and surface area.
  • To facilitate cross-species translational research by providing a comparative resource.

Main Methods:

  • Aggregated 1,522 MRI scans from 1,024 rhesus macaques from PRIME-DE and other sources.
  • Mapped non-linear developmental trajectories for global and regional brain structural changes.
  • Developed normative charts with centile scores for macaque brain structures.

Main Results:

  • Provided normative growth charts for rhesus macaque brain structures across the lifespan.
  • Identified key developmental milestones from prenatal stages through aging.
  • Revealed both species-specific and human-comparable brain maturation patterns.

Conclusions:

  • The developed charts are a valuable resource for NHP studies, especially those with limited sample sizes.
  • The findings enhance understanding of neurodevelopment and aging in macaques.
  • An interactive open resource supports cross-species comparisons to advance translational neuroscience.