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Five novel plasmid-determined beta-lactamases.

A A Medeiros, M Cohenford, G A Jacoby

    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
    |May 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Five new plasmid-determined beta-lactamases (TLE-1, OXA-4 to OXA-7) were identified in resistant Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These enzymes contribute to the growing diversity of beta-lactamases in gram-negative bacteria.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Beta-lactamase enzymes confer resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics.
    • Plasmid-determined beta-lactamases are a significant challenge in treating bacterial infections.
    • The discovery of new beta-lactamases is crucial for understanding resistance mechanisms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and characterize novel plasmid-determined beta-lactamases.
    • To investigate the enzymatic properties and resistance profiles of newly discovered beta-lactamases.
    • To contribute to the classification and understanding of beta-lactamase diversity.

    Main Methods:

    • Detection of beta-lactamases in ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli and carbenicillin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Biochemical characterization including substrate profiling and inhibitor reactions.
  • Isoelectric focusing to determine enzyme properties and banding patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • Five novel plasmid-determined beta-lactamases: TLE-1, OXA-4, OXA-5, OXA-6, and OXA-7 were identified.
    • TLE-1 showed similarities to TEM-1 but differed in isoelectric point and banding.
    • OXA-4, OXA-5, OXA-6, and OXA-7 hydrolyzed specific beta-lactams and exhibited unique characteristics, with OXA-4 and OXA-6 showing sensitivity to cloxacillin.
    • Isoelectric points of OXA-5 and OXA-7 were similar to SHV-1, highlighting the need for comprehensive classification methods.

    Conclusions:

    • The discovery of these five beta-lactamases increases the known count in gram-negative organisms to over 20.
    • The findings underscore the significant and evolving diversity of plasmid-determined beta-lactamases.
    • Further research is needed to explore the evolutionary pathways driving this enzymatic diversity.