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Electrocardiogram

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...

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RETRACTED: Evaluating cardiac risks of TASER: An in-depth case study through probable current analysis.

Hojeong Seo¹, Saehan Park¹, Sanghee Kim²

¹Division of Forensic Engineering, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea.

Journal of Forensic Sciences

|September 11, 2024

Summary

TASER discharges pose cardiac risks, potentially causing ventricular fibrillation (VF). This study highlights dart impact location as crucial for evaluating TASER safety and preventing fatalities.

Keywords:

TASER cardiac risks electrical safety probable current random complex waveforms ventricular fibrillation

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Area of Science:

Forensic Science
Cardiology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

TASER devices are widely used for law enforcement.
Concerns exist regarding the cardiac safety of TASER discharges.
The first TASER-related fatality in South Korea prompted this investigation.

Observation:

A case study involving a TASER-related fatality was analyzed.
High-resolution waveform analysis and forensic examination of dart impact sites were performed.
A human body impedance model of 500Ω was used, incorporating IEC 60479 standards.

Findings:

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) risk was evaluated using Pratt et al.'s framework.
Calculated VF risk reached up to 5%, contingent on dart impact location and current pathways.
While not exceeding critical thresholds in the specific case, the VF risk was significant.

Implications:

Dart impact location is a critical factor in TASER cardiac safety assessments.
TASER discharges may contribute to fatal outcomes, emphasizing the need for safety protocols.
This research informs broader understanding of TASER cardiac risks and safety recommendations.