Smoking cessation and risk of metabolic syndrome: A meta-analysis
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Quitting smoking increases the risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) in the short term, particularly in men. However, this risk diminishes significantly with longer cessation periods, highlighting the importance of sustained smoking cessation efforts.
Area Of Science
- Cardiovascular Health
- Metabolic Disorders
- Smoking Cessation Research
Background
- Smoking is a major risk factor for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
- Smoking cessation reduces these risks but is often hindered by associated weight gain.
- Weight gain post-cessation can increase the risk of metabolic syndrome (MS), with prior research yielding inconsistent findings.
Purpose Of The Study
- To conduct a meta-analysis evaluating the association between smoking cessation and metabolic syndrome (MS).
- To clarify the relationship between quitting smoking and the risk of developing MS.
Main Methods
- Comprehensive literature search of Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases up to April 2023.
- Inclusion of studies comparing smoking cessation and MS risk with active smoking.
- Methodological quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and meta-analysis via a random-effects model.
Main Results
- Overall analysis of 14 studies showed an increased risk of MS in ex-smokers compared to active smokers (pooled RR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08-1.29).
- Subgroup analysis of 13 studies in men found no significant difference in MS risk between ex-smokers and smokers (pooled RR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.95-1.17).
- In men, MS risk increased with cessation periods ≤15 years (pooled RR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.01-1.56) but decreased with cessation >15 years (RR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.70-1.00).
Conclusions
- An elevated risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) is observed in the initial stages of smoking cessation compared to active smoking.
- The risk of MS associated with smoking cessation becomes less significant as the duration of cessation increases.
- Sustained smoking cessation is crucial, as the long-term benefits outweigh the initial risks of metabolic syndrome.
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