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B chromosome and its non-Mendelian inheritance in Atractylodes lancea
Kazuya Hara1, Shinji Kikuchi1,2,3, Misaki Inoue1
1Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Plos One
|September 11, 2024
Summary
Supernumerary B chromosomes in Atractylodes lancea exhibit non-Mendelian inheritance, primarily through female parents. This unique transmission provides a model for studying B chromosome evolution and mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Plant Biology
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- Supernumerary B chromosomes are known to cause karyotypic variation in over 2000 species.
- These chromosomes often display unique features, such as non-Mendelian inheritance patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presence and behavior of B chromosomes in the gynodioecious plant Atractylodes lancea.
- To elucidate the inheritance mechanisms and potential evolutionary role of B chromosomes in this species.
Main Methods:
- Screening of 54 A. lancea lines for B chromosomes using DAPI staining.
- Genomic and fluorescence in situ hybridization (GISH and FISH) to analyze B chromosome DNA content.
- Analysis of B chromosome transmission rates during male and female meiosis.
Main Results:
- B chromosomes were detected in both hermaphroditic and female A. lancea plants.
- B chromosomes lacked conserved DNA sequences from A chromosomes and were eliminated during male meiosis.
- Despite male elimination, B chromosomes showed increased transmission rates via fertilization and seed development, with high accumulation from female parents.
Conclusions:
- Atractylodes lancea possesses B chromosomes with specific sequences that are maintained through non-Mendelian inheritance, particularly from female parents.
- A. lancea serves as a valuable model organism for exploring the structure, evolution, and inheritance of B chromosomes.
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