Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

7.5K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
7.5K
Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

12.0K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
12.0K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

7.1K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
7.1K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes02:19

Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes

3.6K
A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred...
3.6K
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

88.4K
The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
88.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Precision primer designing via genome-wide divergence scanning: resolving quarantine-critical sibling species in the Bactrocera dorsalis complex (Diptera: Tephritidae).

Pest management science·2025
Same author

Draft genome assemblies of the avian louse Brueelia nebulosa and its associates using long-read sequencing from an individual specimen.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)·2023
Same author

Independent evolution of highly variable, fragmented mitogenomes of parasitic lice.

Communications biology·2022
Same author

Gene arrangement, phylogeny and divergence time estimation of mitogenomes in Thrips.

Molecular biology reports·2022
Same author

Mitochondrial genome data alone are not enough to unambiguously resolve the relationships of Entognatha, Insecta and Crustacea sensu lato (Arthropoda).

Cladistics : the international journal of the Willi Hennig Society·2021
Same author

How are the mitochondrial genomes reorganized in Hexapoda? Differential evolution and the first report of convergences within Hexapoda.

Gene·2021
Same journal

Introduction.

Annual review of entomology·2026
Same journal

<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>: A Model System for Accelerating Studies on <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> Infection in Insects.

Annual review of entomology·2026
Same journal

Complex Behaviors in Termites: Mechanisms and Evolution.

Annual review of entomology·2026
Same journal

The Diverse and Intricate Interactions Between Flies and Amphibians: A Systematic Review of Their Host-Use Patterns and Strategies.

Annual review of entomology·2025
Same journal

Tick-Borne Diseases in Urban and Periurban Areas: A Blind Spot in Research and Public Health.

Annual review of entomology·2025
Same journal

Effects of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products on Insects.

Annual review of entomology·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing
07:24

Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing

Published on: February 10, 2023

1.4K

Insect Mitochondrial Genomics: A Decade of Progress.

Stephen L Cameron1

  • 1Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA;

Annual Review of Entomology
|September 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insect mitochondrial (mt) genomes are rapidly expanding due to next-generation sequencing. This data aids phylogenomic analyses and reveals insights into gene rearrangements and unique genomic phenomena, impacting evolutionary studies.

Keywords:
genome annotationgenome fragmentationgenome rearrangementsmitonuclear incompatibilityorganelle genomesphylogenomics

More Related Videos

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing
12:33

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing

Published on: July 28, 2017

12.9K
Author Spotlight: High-Throughput Image-Based Quantification of Mitochondrial DNA Synthesis and Distribution
10:47

Author Spotlight: High-Throughput Image-Based Quantification of Mitochondrial DNA Synthesis and Distribution

Published on: May 5, 2023

3.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing
07:24

Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing

Published on: February 10, 2023

1.4K
Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing
12:33

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing

Published on: July 28, 2017

12.9K
Author Spotlight: High-Throughput Image-Based Quantification of Mitochondrial DNA Synthesis and Distribution
10:47

Author Spotlight: High-Throughput Image-Based Quantification of Mitochondrial DNA Synthesis and Distribution

Published on: May 5, 2023

3.0K

Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Genomics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • The last decade has witnessed an exponential increase in insect genomic data, particularly mitochondrial (mt) genomes.
  • Next-generation sequencing technologies have overcome previous limitations, enabling routine mt genome sequencing from diverse sources, including museum specimens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advancements and applications of insect mitochondrial genomic data in the past decade.
  • To explore the congruence between mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenomic analyses.
  • To investigate the evolution of mitochondrial gene rearrangements and their link to haplodiploidy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a vast and growing dataset of insect mitochondrial genomes.
  • Performing comparative phylogenomic analyses between mitochondrial and nuclear data.
  • Examining patterns of mitochondrial gene rearrangement and duplication across insect taxa.

Main Results:

  • High congruence observed between mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenomic analyses across most insect orders, with notable exceptions.
  • Support for earlier hypotheses regarding the evolution of mitochondrial gene rearrangements and their association with haplodiploidy.
  • Development of insect-specific model systems (e.g., mt genome fragmentation in lice, control region duplication in thrips) for studying aberrant genomic phenomena.

Conclusions:

  • Insect mitochondrial genomics has matured significantly, providing powerful tools for evolutionary and phylogenetic research.
  • Further integration of mitochondrial genomic data with other entomological fields presents significant opportunities for advancing insect science.
  • Emerging research highlights the role of mitochondrial genomes in insect speciation and adaptation.