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Published on: July 12, 2018
Impact of the Diverting Stoma on Renal Function
Takuki Yagyu1, Madoka Hamada1, Masahiko Hatta1
1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Hirakata, Japan.
Background:
Although loop ileostomy as a diverting stoma has been considered to affect renal dysfunction, few reports have compared loop colostomy with loop ileostomy regarding renal function. This is an important issue in the current setting of increased opportunities to perform surgery on patients with poor renal function.
Objective:
This study aimed to reveal the effect of ileostomy on renal dysfunction compared to colostomy after sphincter-preserving rectal surgery.
Design:
This study was a retrospective analysis. We compared preoperative and postoperative values of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate.
Settings:
The study was conducted at a single academic institution in Osaka, Japan.
Patients:
From October 2013 to November 2021, 135 consecutive patients who underwent rectal surgery with diverting stoma were included.
Main Outcome Measures:
Differences in pre- and postoperative renal function values by stoma creation site in patients with preoperative chronic kidney disease. Risk factors for patients with newly developed kidney disease after stoma creation.
Results:
In the preoperative chronic kidney disease (+) patients, the differences between the pre- and postoperative values of blood urea nitrogen ( p = 0.047) and serum creatinine ( p = 0.028) were higher than in the preoperative chronic kidney disease (-) patients. In the preoperative chronic kidney disease (+) patients, ileostomy was significantly associated with an elevation of the serum creatinine value ( p = 0.025) and a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate value ( p = 0.041) from preoperative values compared with that of colostomy. In multivariate analysis, ileostomy (OR; 7.443, p = 0.011) and hypertension (4.226, p = 0.008) were independent risk factors of newly developed kidney disease postoperatively.
Limitations:
Limitations to our study include its retrospective nature and bias because of the stoma site being determined by each surgeon.
Conclusions:
We should take care to choose diverting stoma especially in patients with a risk of kidney dysfunction. See Video Abstract .
Impacto De Una Ostoma De Derivacin Sobre La Funcin Renal:
ANTECEDENTES:Apesar de haberse considerado que la ileostomía en asa de derivación afecta la función renal, pocos informes han comparado la colostomía de asa con la ileostomía de asa y ambas con respecto a la función renal. Esta es un problema importante en el contexto actual de mayores oportunidades para realizar cirugía en pacientes con función renal deficitaria.OBJETIVO:El presente estudio tiene como objetivo revelar el efecto de la ileostomía en asa sobre la función renal comparada con la colostomía en asa después de una cirugía rectal con preservación de esfínteres.DISEÑO:Estudio de análisis retrospectivo. Comparamos los valores de nitrógeno ureico en sangre en el pre-operatorio y el post-operatorio, la creatinina sérica y la tasa estimada de filtración glomerular.AJUSTES:Estudio lleavado a cabo en una sola institución académica en Osaka, Japón.PACIENTES:Desde octubre de 2013 hasta noviembre de 2021, se incluyeron consecutivamente 135 pacientes sometidos a cirugía rectal con ostomía de derivación.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Las diferencias en los valores de la función renal pre y post-operatorias según el sitio de creación de las ostomía en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica pre-operatoria. También los factores de riesgo para pacientes con enfermedad renal reciente después de la creación de una ostomía.RESULTADOS:En los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica pre-operatoria (+), las diferencias entre los valores pre y post en el nitrógeno ureico en sangre (p = 0,047) y los valores de creatinina sérica (p = 0,028) fueron mayores que en los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica pre-operatoria (+) y los pacientes con enfermedad renal (-).En los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (+) pre-operatoria, la ileostomía se asoció significativamente con una elevación del valor de creatinina sérica (p = 0,025) y una disminución en el valor estimado de la tasa de filtración glomerular (p = 0,041) con respecto al valor pre-operatorio en comparación con el de la colostomía.En el análisis multivariado, la ileostomía (Odds Ratio; 7,443, p = 0,011) y la hipertensión (4,226, P = 0,008) fueron factores de riesgo independientes de nueva enfermedad renal en el post-operatorio.LIMITACIONES:Las limitaciones de nuestro estudio incluyen su naturaleza retrospectiva y el sesgo debido a que cada cirujano determina el sitio de la confección ostomial.CONCLUSIÓN:Se debe tener cuidado en elegir el tipo de ostomía derivativa especialmente en pacientes con riesgo de disfunción renal. (Traducción-Dr. Xavier Delgadillo ).
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