Recent developments in enzymatic preparation, physicochemical properties, bioactivity, and application of resistant...

Resistant starch (RS) was classified into five types and referred to the starch that cannot be digested and absorbed by the small intestine of healthy human beings. Among them, RS₃ has received a lot of attention from researchers because of its good functional properties and greater application prospects. Meanwhile, the enzymatic method is widely used in the preparation of RS₃ because of its high efficiency and environmental protection. α-Amylase and pullulanase as the main enzymes can effectively improve the yield of RS₃. The physical properties of RS₃ have an excellent potential for application in improving food crispness, texture and producing low glycemic index (GI) foods. It is more valuable because it has biological activities such as inducing apoptosis in tumor cells, lowering intestinal pH, and regulating blood glucose, etc. This paper summarized the current research progress of RS₃ from different staple food grains, including current applications of enzymes commonly used in the preparation of RS₃, physical properties and biological activities of RS₃, and the application of RS₃ in different areas to provide a theoretical basis for future research on RS₃ as well as further development and applications based on the market requirement.