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Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Induce Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC) Technology in Depression.

Apurva Kumar1, Laura Stertz1, Antonio L Teixeira2,3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|September 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a novel in vitro approach for major depressive disorder (MDD) research. This chapter details iPSC applications, 3D organoid models, and stem cell therapies for MDD treatment potential.

Keywords:
DepressionNeurogenesisOrganoidsStem cellsiPSC

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) remains a significant global health challenge.
  • Current treatment strategies for MDD have limitations in efficacy and side effects.
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) present a novel avenue for modeling and treating MDD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the utility of iPSC technology in understanding and treating MDD.
  • To review the application of 3D organoid models derived from iPSCs for MDD research.
  • To discuss the potential of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in the context of MDD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing iPSC technology to generate patient-specific cellular models.
  • Developing and employing 3D organoid systems for in vitro studies of MDD.
  • Investigating the therapeutic effects of MSCs in preclinical MDD models.

Main Results:

  • iPSCs enable personalized drug screening and disease modeling for MDD.
  • 3D organoid models recapitulate key aspects of MDD pathophysiology.
  • MSC therapy shows promise for neuroprotection and mood regulation in MDD.

Conclusions:

  • iPSC-based approaches, including 3D organoids, offer powerful tools for advancing MDD research and precision psychiatry.
  • Mesenchymal stem cell therapy presents a potential therapeutic strategy for MDD.
  • Further research is needed to fully realize the clinical potential of these innovative technologies for MDD.