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Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Developmental screening of neurodevelopmental disorders before age 6: a nationwide health screening program

Jong Ho Cha1, Soorack Ryu2, Minjung Park3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Pediatric Research
|September 11, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Early developmental screening before 24 months effectively identifies neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in young children. Gross motor delays predicted later NDDs, while language delays indicated risks for autism spectrum disorder and developmental language disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric developmental screening
  • Neurodevelopmental disorder identification
  • Public health surveillance

Background:

  • Investigating the link between early developmental screening and later neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in children.
  • Assessing the effectiveness of developmental screening programs implemented before 24 months of age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the association between developmental screening at 9-12 and 18-24 months and the incidence of NDDs at 4-6 years of age.
  • To evaluate the impact of a nationwide developmental screening program on early identification of NDDs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a large cohort of 922,899 newborns born between 2014-2016 from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database.
  • Administering the Korean Developmental Screening Test for Infants & Children (K-DST) at 9-12 and 18-24 months.
  • Diagnosing NDDs based on ICD-10 criteria from the NHIS database for 637,277 individuals screened.

Main Results:

  • Screen-positivity for gross motor delay at 9-12 months significantly predicted autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and cerebral palsy.
  • Screen-positive results for language delay at 18-24 months were strongly associated with later diagnoses of ASD and developmental language disorder.
  • The study identified significant associations between early developmental screening results and the subsequent diagnosis of various NDDs.

Conclusions:

  • Nationwide implementation of developmental screening programs before 24 months is effective for identifying children with NDDs.
  • Integrating screening programs with robust referral and intervention systems is crucial for optimal child development outcomes.
  • Early detection of developmental delays through screening programs facilitates timely intervention and management of NDDs.
Abstract

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