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Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Coherence between Brain Cortical Function and Neurocognitive Performance during Changed Gravity Conditions
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Artificial gravity: an effective countermeasure for microgravity-induced headward fluid shift?

Larry A Kramer1, Khader M Hasan1, Xu Zhang2

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Intervention, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth Houston, Houston, Texas, United States.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|September 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Daily artificial gravity (AG) sessions did not mitigate spaceflight-induced intracranial fluid shifts. Brief AG exposure was insufficient to counteract headward fluid shifts during simulated microgravity, suggesting longer durations or stronger forces are needed.

Keywords:
MRIartificial gravityhead-down tilt bedrestmicrogravityspaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Space physiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical engineering

Background:

  • Long-duration spaceflight causes intracranial volume changes, linked to microgravity-induced headward fluid shifts.
  • These changes may contribute to spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome.
  • Artificial gravity (AG) is explored as a potential countermeasure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if daily artificial gravity (AG) sessions can mitigate intracranial pathophysiological effects during simulated headward fluid shift.
  • To assess the efficacy of intermittent and continuous AG as countermeasures.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-four healthy volunteers underwent 60 days of 6° head-down tilt bed rest (HDTBR).
  • Subjects were randomized into three groups: no AG (control), daily 30-min intermittent AG (iAG), or daily 30-min continuous AG (cAG).
  • Intracranial volumetrics, internal carotid artery hemodynamics, and cerebrospinal fluid flow were measured using 3T MRI.

Main Results:

  • HDTBR induced significant increases in intracranial volumes and cerebrospinal fluid flow velocity, alongside decreased internal carotid artery stroke volume and flow rate by day 52.
  • Internal carotid artery resistive index increased at day 14 but normalized later.
  • Neither iAG nor cAG interventions significantly altered these HDTBR-induced changes, indicating insufficient mitigation.

Conclusions:

  • Thirty minutes of daily AG exposure was insufficient to counteract the intracranial fluid shifts simulated by HDTBR.
  • Future research should explore longer AG session durations or higher gravitational forces.
  • Optimized AG protocols may be necessary to prevent spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome.