HL-60 cells as a valuable model to study LPS-induced neutrophil extracellular traps release

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) present a paradoxical role in infectious diseases, contributing to both immunity and pathogenesis. The complex nature of this process necessitates further characterization to elucidate its clinical implications. However, studying NETs faces challenges with primary neutrophils due to their heterogeneity, short lifespan, and lack of adequate cryopreservation. Researchers often turn to alternative models, such as differentiated HL-60 cells (dHL-60). This study explored LPS-induced NETs formation in dHL-60 cells, revealing significant responses to LPS from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, although significantly lower than primary neutrophils. Moreover, Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (SYK) inhibition with R406, the active metabolite of the drug Fostamatinib, previously demonstrated to suppress NETs in primary neutrophils, effectively reduced NETs release in dHL-60 cells. dHL-60 cells, offering easier manipulation, consistent availability, and no donor variability in functional responses, possess characteristics suitable for high-throughput studies evaluating NETosis. Overall, dHL-60 cells may be a valuable in vitro model for deciphering the molecular mechanisms of NETosis in response to LPS, contributing to our available tools for understanding this complex immune process.