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Lysosomal TFEB-TRPML1 Axis in Astrocytes Modulates Depressive-like Behaviors.

Jia-Wen Mo1, Peng-Li Kong1, Li Ding1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|September 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Lysosomes in brain cells called astrocytes are altered by stress, impacting mood. Reduced mucolipin TRP channel 1 (TRPML1) expression in lysosomes contributes to depression, suggesting lysosomes as a therapeutic target.

Keywords:
ATPastrocytesdepressive‐like behaviorslysosomesmucolipin TRP channel 1transcription factor EB

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Lysosomes are crucial for cellular functions including recycling and stress adaptation.
  • The role of lysosomes in stress-related emotional disorders like depression remains largely unexplored.
  • Astrocytes, key glial cells in the brain, play roles in neuronal function and mood regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of lysosomes in astrocytes within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in the context of stress-induced depression.
  • To identify specific lysosome-related genes and pathways involved in stress susceptibility and depressive behaviors.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting lysosomes for depression.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a chronic social defeat stress model in mice to study stress-induced behavioral and cellular changes.
  • Analyzed lysosomal morphology and gene expression in astrocytes of the mPFC.
  • Performed genetic manipulation (knockout and overexpression) of key genes like mucolipin 1 (Mcoln1) and transcription factor EB (TFEB) in astrocytes.
  • Measured lysosomal exocytosis and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) release.

Main Results:

  • Chronic social defeat stress altered lysosomal morphology in mPFC astrocytes of susceptible mice.
  • Decreased expression of Mcoln1 (encoding TRPML1) was observed in susceptible mice and human depression patients.
  • Astrocyte-specific knockout of TRPML1 induced depressive-like behaviors by impairing lysosomal exocytosis and ATP release.
  • The transcription factor EB (TFEB) mediates the stress response of astrocytic lysosomes, and TRPML1 can rescue TFEB knockout-induced depressive behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Lysosomes in astrocytes represent a critical signaling pathway in the development of depression.
  • Reduced TRPML1 function in astrocytes contributes to depressive phenotypes via impaired lysosomal exocytosis.
  • The lysosome emerges as a potential cellular target for novel antidepressant therapies.