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Exploring the quantity and quality of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and intelligence in

Zerrin Kasap1, Cansu Çobanoğlu Osmanlı2, İlker Fatih Sarı3

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey. drzerrinkasap@gmail.com.

European Journal of Pediatrics
|September 12, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is more prevalent in children with cerebral palsy (CP), often presenting with inattentive symptoms. ADHD in CP is associated with more severe motor impairments and lower intelligence levels.

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Pediatric neurology

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is more common in children with cerebral palsy (CP) than in the general population.
  • In children with CP, ADHD may manifest predominantly as inattentive symptoms.
  • ADHD in CP is linked to increased motor disability and diminished intellectual function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in ADHD symptoms among children with cerebral palsy (CP).
  • To explore the relationship between ADHD symptoms and CP-related clinical data.
  • To compare intelligence levels and clinical data between CP groups with and without ADHD.

Main Methods:

  • Study included three groups: cerebral palsy (CP), ADHD, and control, each with 22 participants aged 6-18.
  • The CP group was further divided into CP with ADHD (CP+ADHD) and CP without ADHD (CP-ADHD).
  • Groups were assessed for clinical data, ADHD symptoms, and intelligence using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R).

Main Results:

  • ADHD prevalence was significantly higher in the CP group (36.4%) compared to the control group (9.1%).
  • The CP+ADHD group exhibited higher rates of moderate/severe motor disability and lower WISC-R scores than the CP-ADHD group.
  • Children with CP showed higher cognitive problems/inattention scores than controls and lower WISC-R scores than the ADHD group.

Conclusions:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is more common in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
  • ADHD in CP often presents with a predominantly inattentive subtype.
  • The presence of ADHD in CP correlates with greater motor disability and lower intelligence.

Keywords:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorderCerebral palsyNeurodevelopmental disordersPediatric rehabilitation

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