Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.1K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.1K
Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

370
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
370
Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

4.2K
A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
4.2K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.0K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.0K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.3K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.3K
Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

4.6K
The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
4.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Heterobimetallic Iridium-Niobia Catalyst for Efficient and Selective Methane Ammonia Reforming.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Impact of Ion Pairs on the Properties of Dynamic Ion Gels Formed by Complex Coacervation of Oppositely Charged Poly(Ionic Liquids).

ACS polymers Au·2026
Same author

Manganese(II) and Magnesium(II) Analogies in Iridium Hydride Coordination Chemistry.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

NMR methods for characterizing molecular species in two immiscible solvents: application to SABRE-hyperpolarised species.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Exchange coupling-assisted <sup>13</sup>C dynamic nuclear polarization in microdiamonds at 14 T.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Synthesis of Perdeuterated Pentane and THF Under Mild Conditions by Silica-Supported Ta/M (M = Co, Ir) Heterobimetallic Catalysts.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025
Same journal

The Role of Zn-Hf Site Proximity and Oxygen Vacancies for Methanol Formation Over ZnHfO<sub>x</sub> Catalysts Under CO<sub>2</sub> Hydrogenation Conditions.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Breaking the Linear Scaling Relationship: Bioinspired Electronic Coupling in S-Bridged Fe-Fe Dual Sites for Efficient Oxygen Reduction.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Programming Bio-Bio Electronic Interfaces for Light-Driven Interspecies Electron Transfer.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Self-Cleaning Solar Evaporation Facilitating Water Electrolysis for Hydrogen Generation From Seawater.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Sulfur Vacancy-Enriched Cu<sub>4</sub>SnS<sub>4-x</sub> Nanosheets Enable Synergistic Cuproptosis, Photothermoelectric Catalytic and Immunotherapy.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Mechanically Interlocked Indigo Photoswitches.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Electroactive Polymer Nanoparticles Exhibiting Photothermal Properties
10:16

Electroactive Polymer Nanoparticles Exhibiting Photothermal Properties

Published on: January 8, 2016

13.9K

Dynamic Nuclear Polarization with Conductive Polymers.

Quentin Stern1, Guillaume Verhaeghe1, Théo El Daraï1,2

  • 1Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CRMN UMR-5082, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Villeurbanne, 69100, France.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|September 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Organic conductive polymers offer a novel approach to hyperpolarizing nuclear spins using dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP). This method enhances nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensitivity without requiring extreme low temperatures or high magnetic fields.

Keywords:
conductive polymersdynamic nuclear polarizationnuclear magnetic resonancespin hyperpolarization

More Related Videos

Application of a Coupling Agent to Improve the Dielectric Properties of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites
06:34

Application of a Coupling Agent to Improve the Dielectric Properties of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites

Published on: September 19, 2020

5.8K
Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

21.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Electroactive Polymer Nanoparticles Exhibiting Photothermal Properties
10:16

Electroactive Polymer Nanoparticles Exhibiting Photothermal Properties

Published on: January 8, 2016

13.9K
Application of a Coupling Agent to Improve the Dielectric Properties of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites
06:34

Application of a Coupling Agent to Improve the Dielectric Properties of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites

Published on: September 19, 2020

5.8K
Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

21.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Low sensitivity in liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) limits its applications.
  • Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) enhances NMR sensitivity by polarizing nuclear spins.
  • Current dDNP methods require cryogenic temperatures (<2 K) and complex instrumentation, hindering widespread adoption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce organic conductive polymers, specifically polyaniline (PANI), as a new class of polarizing matrices for dDNP.
  • To demonstrate hyperpolarization of nuclear spins using these conductive polymers.
  • To explore the potential of chiral conductive polymers for spin-selective hyperpolarization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized polyaniline (PANI) as a polarizing matrix for dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP).
  • Investigated relayed DNP for hyperpolarizing 13C spins in a host solution within porous conductive polymers.
  • Explored chirality-induced spin selectivity in conductive polymers for electron spin hyperpolarization.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 1H hyperpolarizations up to 5% using PANI as a polarizing matrix.
  • Successfully hyperpolarized 13C spins via relayed DNP in conductive polymer matrices.
  • Demonstrated electron spin hyperpolarization close to unity in chiral conductive polymers without low temperatures or high fields.

Conclusions:

  • Organic conductive polymers, such as PANI, are effective polarizing matrices for dDNP.
  • Relayed DNP in conductive polymers enables hyperpolarization of target nuclear spins.
  • Chirality-induced spin selectivity in conductive polymers offers a promising route for efficient, low-temperature, low-field DNP.