The interaction between maize resistant starch III and Bifidobacterium adolescentis during in vitro fermentation
Xinzhu Zhao1, Shuyu Jia1, Haibo Zhao1
1State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China.
Food Chemistry
|September 12, 2024
Summary
Resistant starch III (RS3), particularly autoclaved-debranched RS (ADRS), significantly boosts Bifidobacterium adolescentis (B. adolescentis) growth. Its rough surface and bacterial extracellular amylase are key for this probiotic proliferation and starch degradation.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Food Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Prebiotics play a crucial role in modulating gut microbiota composition and function.
- Resistant starch (RS) is a type of dietary fiber with potential prebiotic effects.
- Understanding the interaction between specific RS types and beneficial gut bacteria like Bifidobacterium adolescentis is essential for developing targeted nutritional strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of resistant starch III (RS3) on the proliferation of Bifidobacterium adolescentis (B. adolescentis).
- To analyze the structural changes of RS3 before and after fermentation by B. adolescentis.
- To identify the key structural features of RS3 that promote B. adolescentis growth and the role of bacterial enzymes in its degradation.
Main Methods:
- Preparation and characterization of autoclaved-debranched resistant starch (ADRS).
- Cultivation of B. adolescentis with ADRS and measurement of bacterial proliferation.
- Surface topography analysis of ADRS using atomic force microscopy (AFM) before and after fermentation.
- Enzyme activity assays to determine extracellular amylase production by B. adolescentis.
- Spectroscopic analysis (FTIR) to assess structural changes in ADRS post-fermentation.
Main Results:
- ADRS exhibited the most significant proliferative effect on B. adolescentis compared to other RS3 forms.
- The surface roughness of ADRS (Ra = 21.90 nm; Rq = 16.00 nm) was identified as a critical factor for B. adolescentis proliferation.
- B. adolescentis produced extracellular amylase, with highest activity observed during fermentation of ADRS, indicating its role in starch degradation.
- Fermentation by B. adolescentis disrupted the short-range ordered structure of ADRS, evidenced by significant reductions in FTIR spectral bands (R1047 cm by 20.74% and R995 cm by 30.85%).
Conclusions:
- The structural characteristics of RS3, specifically surface roughness, are crucial for promoting the growth of B. adolescentis.
- Extracellular amylase produced by B. adolescentis is essential for the degradation of RS3.
- Optimizing the structure of RS3 can enhance its prebiotic potential and support the proliferation of beneficial gut bacteria.
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