Coumarins as versatile therapeutic phytomolecules: A systematic review.

Area of Science:

• Medicinal Chemistry
• Pharmacology
• Natural Products

Background:

• Coumarins are key structural motifs in many biologically active compounds.
• They possess diverse biological activities and significant pharmacological potential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the essential role of coumarins in modern drug discovery.
• To explore their pharmaceutical effects, structural versatility, and mechanisms of action.

Main Methods:

• Literature search using PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciFinder (2005-2023).
• Keywords included "coumarins", "natural coumarins", and "therapeutic effects" for disease-specific studies.

Main Results:

• Natural coumarins exhibit anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
• They function as enzyme inhibitors (MAO, PDE) and possess anti-thrombotic, anti-diabetic, and hepatoprotective properties.
• Efficacy demonstrated against diabetic nephropathy, neurodegenerative diseases, and infections.

Conclusions:

• Natural coumarins play a significant role in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.
• Their diverse activities and structural adaptability position them as promising therapeutic agents.
• This review encourages further research into coumarin-based drug development.