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A transcrestal sinus floor elevation strategy based on a haptic robot system: An in vitro study.

Shimin Yu1,2, Yulan Wang1,2, Yunxiao Wang1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research
|September 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Haptic robotic systems provide accurate initial breakthrough point detection during transcrestal sinus floor elevation (TSFE). Real-time force feedback during robotic surgery offers a reliable reference for dentists, especially in cases with smaller sinus floor angles.

Keywords:
cone‐beam computed tomographyforce feedbackmembrane perforationrobot‐assisted surgerytranscrestal sinus floor elevation

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Area of Science:

  • Dental implantology
  • Robotic surgery
  • Biomedical engineering

Background:

  • Transcrestal sinus floor elevation (TSFE) is a critical procedure in dental implantology.
  • Accurate determination of the sinus floor breakthrough point is essential to avoid complications.
  • Current methods for identifying the breakthrough point may lack precision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze force profiles generated by haptic robotic systems during TSFE.
  • To establish a reference for surgical strategies in TSFE using robotic force feedback.
  • To evaluate the accuracy of robotic systems in detecting the sinus floor breakthrough point.

Main Methods:

  • 3D printed maxillary sinus models with varying angles (30°-90°) were used.
  • A robotic system recorded total force (Ft) and axial force (Fz) during implant site preparation.
  • Real-time force feedback and imaging were used to determine theoretical and actual breakthrough points.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in Fz and Ft emerged at angles of 70° and 60°, respectively.
  • No significant discrepancy between actual and theoretical perforation points was observed beyond 70°.
  • Robotic surgery with real-time force feedback demonstrated superior accuracy in initial breakthrough point detection compared to CBCT.

Conclusions:

  • Smaller sinus floor angles correlate with increased drill breakthrough force.
  • Haptic robotic systems offer reliable real-time force feedback for TSFE.
  • Further clinical validation is required for robotic-assisted TSFE applications.