Paediatric computed tomography diagnostic reference levels in Africa: A systematic review

Area of Science:

• Medical Imaging
• Radiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Computed tomography (CT) technology advancements have expanded its medical imaging applications.
• Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) are essential for identifying high radiation doses in patients.
• Establishing paediatric CT DRLs in Africa is critical for radiation safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review published studies by African researchers on paediatric CT DRLs in Africa.
• To provide an overview of the current status of paediatric CT DRLs in the African continent.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Web of Science).
• Article selection involved a rigorous three-stage screening process by two independent reviewers.
• Twelve peer-reviewed articles met the inclusion criteria for the review.

Main Results:

• The review identified 174 articles, with 12 ultimately included after screening and exclusion of duplicates.
• Paediatric CT DRL values for head scans (CT Dose Index Volume) ranged from 27 to 47.5 mGy across age groups.
• Dose Length Product values ranged from 461.6 to 978 mGy.cm for paediatric head CT scans.

Conclusions:

• Only 19% of African countries have published studies on paediatric CT DRLs.
• Significant variations in reported DRLs highlight the need for harmonisation.
• Standardization of paediatric CT protocols is essential for optimizing radiation doses in children.