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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

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Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
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Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Field-Free Spin-Orbit Torque Switching in Janus Chromium Dichalcogenides.

Libor Vojáček1, Joaquín Medina Dueñas2,3, Jing Li4

  • 1Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG-Spintec, 38000 Grenoble, France.

Nano Letters
|September 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Magnetic Janus transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers, specifically CrXTe, show potential for large spin-orbit torque (SOT). These materials enable field-free magnetization switching, ideal for advanced SOT-MRAM devices.

Keywords:
2D materialsspin−orbit torquetransition metal dichalcogenidevan der Waals ferromagnet

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Spin-orbit torque (SOT) is crucial for next-generation memory devices.
  • Transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers offer unique electronic properties.
  • Janus structures break inversion symmetry, potentially enhancing SOT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict the SOT capability of magnetic chromium-based Janus TMD monolayers (CrXTe, X=S, Se).
  • To investigate the mechanism behind the enhanced SOT response in these materials.
  • To assess their suitability for ultracompact SOT-MRAM devices.

Main Methods:

  • First-principles calculations and transport simulations.
  • Derivation of Wannier tight-binding models.
  • Analysis of Rashba splitting and symmetry properties.

Main Results:

  • Predicted very large SOT capability in Janus CrXTe monolayers.
  • Identified giant Rashba splitting as the source of high SOT response.
  • Demonstrated field-free perpendicular magnetization switching due to reduced in-plane symmetry.
  • Achieved SOT performance comparable to leading 2D materials.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetic Janus TMDs are promising candidates for SOT-MRAM applications.
  • Their inherent properties enable an ultracompact, self-induced SOT scheme.
  • These materials offer a pathway to overcome experimental limitations in SOT device engineering.