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Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Application of Consistent Massage-Like Perturbations on Mouse Calves and Monitoring the Resulting Intramuscular Pressure Changes
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Ergonomic Considerations for Practicing Massage Therapists.

Portia B Resnick1

  • 1California State University, Long Beach, Department of Kinesiology, Long Beach, USA.

International Journal of Therapeutic Massage & Bodywork
|September 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Massage therapists face high risk of musculoskeletal disorders due to physical demands. A job task analysis revealed specific movements and postures, like forward trunk flexion during effleurage strokes, increase postural stress and injury risk.

Keywords:
Ergonomic risk factorsinjury riskmassage therapy practice

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Ergonomics
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Massage therapy involves significant physical demands and repetitive movements.
  • Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a known risk for massage therapists.
  • Previous research lacked detailed ergonomic risk assessment for massage techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a job task analysis of massage therapy to identify ergonomic risks.
  • To provide data for creating an optimal work environment for massage therapists.
  • To inform educators, employers, and clinicians about ergonomic considerations.

Main Methods:

  • A job task analysis was performed by the Massage Therapy Foundation.
  • Data were collected via surveys and onsite evaluations by trained ergonomists.
  • Massage therapists were assessed for ergonomic risk factors during various treatment scenarios.

Main Results:

  • Highest movement variability occurred during neck (prone/supine) and leg (prone) treatments.
  • Sustained forward trunk flexion during strokes increased postural stress on back and neck extensors.
  • Effleurage strokes, spanning body parts, imposed cumulative loads, causing mild biomechanical stress on shoulders (90%), neck (70%), and trunk (60%).

Conclusions:

  • Forward-bending postures increase eccentric demands on neck and back musculature, leading to fatigue and overuse injuries.
  • Recommendations include monitoring unsupported positions, increasing rest between sessions, optimizing the work environment (e.g., table height), and promoting active lifestyles.
  • Implementing these strategies can help maintain career longevity for massage therapists.