Recent advances in the use of resveratrol against Staphylococcus aureus infections (Review)

Area of Science:

• Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
• Pharmacology and Drug Discovery
• Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

• Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a significant bacterial pathogen causing community and hospital-acquired infections.
• Increasing antimicrobial resistance renders conventional antibiotic therapies less effective against S. aureus infections.
• Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol, exhibits promising antimicrobial properties against S. aureus.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the antibacterial properties of resveratrol against S. aureus.
• To explore resveratrol's mechanisms of action, including virulence factor suppression and efflux pump inhibition.
• To discuss the potential of resveratrol in combating antimicrobial resistance.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing scientific literature on resveratrol's effects on S. aureus.
• Analysis of resveratrol's impact on S. aureus virulence factors (biofilm, quorum sensing, toxin production).
• Evaluation of resveratrol's synergistic and antagonistic interactions with conventional antibiotics.

Main Results:

• Resveratrol at sub-inhibitory concentrations suppresses S. aureus virulence factors, reducing biofilm formation and toxin production.
• Resveratrol acts as an efflux pump inhibitor, potentially increasing susceptibility to certain antibiotics.
• Resveratrol exhibits synergistic effects with norfloxacin and aminoglycosides but antagonizes daptomycin, oxacillin, moxifloxacin, and levofloxacin.

Conclusions:

• Resveratrol demonstrates significant potential as an antibacterial agent against S. aureus, particularly in overcoming antimicrobial resistance.
• Further development of advanced resveratrol formulations is necessary to improve its oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.
• Resveratrol offers a promising complementary strategy for managing S. aureus infections in the era of rising antibiotic resistance.