The Relationship Between Provider and Patient Racial Concordance and Receipt of Postpartum Care

Access to postpartum care (PPC) varies in the US and little data exists about whether patient factors may influence receipt of care. Our study aimed to assess the effect of provider-patient racial concordance on Black patients' receipt of PPC. We conducted a cross-sectional study analyzing over 24,000 electronic health records of childbirth hospitalizations at a large academic medical center  in Alabama from January 2014 to March 2020. The primary outcome variable was whether a Black patient with a childbirth hospitalization had any type of PPC visit within 12 weeks after childbirth. We used a generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression model to assess the relationship between provider-patient racial concordance and receipt of PPC. Black patients with Black main providers of prenatal or childbirth care had significantly higher adjusted odds of receiving PPC (adj. OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.65-3.09, p < .001) compared to Black patients with non-Black providers. White patients who had White providers did not have statistically significantly different odds of receiving PPC compared to those with non-White providers after adjustment (adj. OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.68-1.14). Although these results should be interpreted with caution given the low number of Black providers in this sample, our findings suggest that in one hospital system in Alabama, Black birthing people with a racially concordant main prenatal and delivery care provider may have an increased likelihood of getting critical PPC follow-up.