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Related Concept Videos

Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

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Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
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Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

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The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
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Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are two critical categories of drugs employed in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). PAH is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers01:12

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Class III antiarrhythmic drugs are a group of medications that can prolong action potentials in the heart. They achieve this by blocking potassium channels or enhancing inward currents from sodium channels. However, these drugs have a unique property of "reverse use-dependence," which is most pronounced at slower heart rates and can lead to torsades de pointes—a specific type of arrhythmia. However, it is essential to note that excessive QT interval prolongation—a measure of...
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Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

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Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
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Gene therapy for atrial fibrillation.

Weilan Mo1, J Kevin Donahue1

  • 1From the Division of Cardiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America.

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
|September 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Gene therapy offers a promising new approach to treating atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common heart arrhythmia. This review explores gene therapy strategies targeting AF mechanisms for next-generation treatments.

Keywords:
Atrial fibrillationDelivery methodElectrical remodelingGene therapyStructural remodelingViral vector

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Molecular Medicine
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia with significant clinical impact.
  • Existing treatments for AF, including drugs and ablation, have limitations.
  • Developing novel therapeutic strategies is crucial for effective AF management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the key elements of gene therapy for atrial fibrillation.
  • To discuss molecular targets, vectors, delivery methods, and preclinical testing for AF gene therapy.
  • To highlight recent advancements and challenges in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of gene therapy strategies for AF.
  • Analysis of molecular targets, gene transfer vectors, and delivery systems.
  • Evaluation of preclinical efficacy and toxicity data.

Main Results:

  • Gene therapy can target maladaptive electrical and structural remodeling in AF.
  • Various transgenes, vectors, and delivery methods are being explored.
  • Preclinical studies show potential but require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Gene therapy presents a viable platform for developing next-generation AF treatments.
  • Addressing specific arrhythmia mechanisms through gene transfer is a promising avenue.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges and ensure safety and efficacy.