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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Cell Population Analyses During Skin Carcinogenesis
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Therapeutic Advances in Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma.

Samer Alkassis1, Maya Shatta2, Deborah J Wong1

  • 1Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Cancers
|September 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), a common skin cancer, can become aggressive in 1-10% of cases. Recent advancements offer new hope and therapeutic options for managing advanced BCC, focusing on hedgehog pathway and immunotherapy.

Keywords:
anti-PD1basal cell carcinomacheckpoint inhibitorhedgehog inhibitor

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent cancer globally, with millions diagnosed annually.
  • While typically treatable, a subset (1-10%) progresses to advanced stages, characterized by aggressive local destruction and management challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of advanced basal cell carcinoma.
  • To cover risk factors, pathogenesis, current treatments, and emerging novel therapies for advanced BCC.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in BCC research and treatment.
  • Analysis of the role of the patched/hedgehog pathway and immunotherapy in BCC pathogenesis and management.

Main Results:

  • Dysregulation of the patched/hedgehog pathway is a key factor in BCC pathogenesis.
  • Immunotherapy's role in BCC is evolving with increased understanding of the tumor microenvironment.

Conclusions:

  • Recent therapeutic advancements offer new hope for patients with advanced BCC.
  • Ongoing research into novel therapies continues to expand treatment options for this complex condition.