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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Action Potential01:30

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Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
The cardiac action potential process involves a series of phases characterized by the movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes, leading to the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac myocytes.
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Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

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The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase...
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Conduction System of the Heart01:19

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Autorhythmicity is a term that refers to the heart's inherent ability to generate electrical signals and instigate muscle contractions. This self-regulating conduction system within the heart consists of two key components: the pacemaker cells and specialized conducting cells.
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GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory...
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Regulation of Heart Rates01:31

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The regulation of heart rate is a complex process controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), hormonal influences, and intrinsic cardiac mechanisms. The ANS has two main components: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).
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Action Potential01:31

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Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Isolation of Human Atrial Myocytes for Simultaneous Measurements of Ca2+ Transients and Membrane Currents
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Modulation of Spontaneous Action Potential Rate by Inositol Trisphosphate in Myocytes from the Rabbit

Hongwei Cheng1, Cherrie H T Kong1, Andrew F James1

  • 1School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.

Cells
|September 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors modulate atrioventricular node (AVN) cell pacemaking. This study shows IP3 signaling accelerates AVN cell action potential rates, impacting cardiac rhythm.

Keywords:
2-APBAVNIP3IP3-RIP3-R2action potentialatrioventricular nodepacemakingxestospongin C

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Microelectrode Array Recording of Sinoatrial Node Firing Rate to Identify Intrinsic Cardiac Pacemaking Defects in Mice
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Methods for the Isolation, Culture, and Functional Characterization of Sinoatrial Node Myocytes from Adult Mice
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Methods for the Isolation, Culture, and Functional Characterization of Sinoatrial Node Myocytes from Adult Mice
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Methods for the Isolation, Culture, and Functional Characterization of Sinoatrial Node Myocytes from Adult Mice

Published on: October 23, 2016

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cell Physiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The atrioventricular node (AVN) is crucial for cardiac conduction.
  • Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) signaling influences cardiac myocyte excitability, but its role in AVN pacemaking is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of IP3 receptor activation on AVN cell pacemaking.
  • To determine if IP3 modulates spontaneous action potential (AP) rates in AVN cells.

Main Methods:

  • Isolated rabbit AVN cells were used.
  • Immunohistochemistry, confocal imaging, and whole-cell electrophysiological recordings were performed.
  • Pharmacological agents and caged IP3 with UV stimulation were employed.

Main Results:

  • IP3 receptor type 2 (IP3-R2) was identified in AVN cells.
  • IP3 application accelerated spontaneous AP rate and diastolic depolarization.
  • IP3 signaling did not directly affect key ionic currents (ICa,L, IKr, If, INCX).

Conclusions:

  • IP3 signaling modulates AVN cell pacemaking rate.
  • IP3 receptor activation accelerates AVN cell firing, influencing cardiac rhythm regulation.