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Sex-specific disruptions in the developmental trajectory of anxiety-like behaviors due to prenatal cannabidiol exposure.

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Sex-specific disruptions in the developmental trajectory of anxiety due to prenatal cannabidiol exposure.

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Gestational CBD shapes insular cortex in adulthood.

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Gestational CBD Shapes Insular Cortex in Adulthood.

Daniela Iezzi1, Alba Cáceres-Rodríguez1, Jessica Pereira-Silva1

  • 1INMED, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, 13273 Marseille, France.

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|September 14, 2024
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Summary

Prenatal exposure to cannabidiol (CBD) alters brain development in offspring mice. This exposure disrupts the insular cortex (IC), impacting emotional processing and potentially leading to behavioral issues.

Keywords:
cannabidiolgestational exposureinsular cortexneurodevelopmentprenatal developmentpyramidal neurons

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cannabidiol (CBD) use during pregnancy is common for symptom relief, but its effects on fetal development are under-researched.
  • CBD crosses the placenta, potentially influencing fetal brain development and subsequent behavior.
  • The insular cortex (IC) is crucial for emotional processing and is implicated in psychiatric disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of prenatal CBD exposure on the cellular and synaptic properties of the insular cortex (IC) in adult offspring.
  • To determine if these effects are sex-specific and territory-specific within the IC.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were exposed to low-dose CBD during gestation (embryonic days 5-18).
  • Electrophysiological properties, including membrane properties, excitability, and synaptic strength, of IC neurons in adult offspring were analyzed.
  • Comparisons were made between CBD-exposed and control groups, considering sex and IC territory (anterior vs. posterior).

Main Results:

  • Prenatal CBD exposure induced sex-specific and territory-specific alterations in IC neuronal function.
  • Changes were observed in passive and active membrane properties, intrinsic excitability, and the excitatory/inhibitory balance.
  • The functional distinction between the anterior and posterior IC territories was diminished.

Conclusions:

  • In utero exposure to CBD disrupts the normal development of the insular cortex.
  • These disruptions can lead to sex- and territory-specific neuronal changes, potentially affecting emotional regulation.
  • Findings highlight the risks of prenatal CBD exposure for offspring neurodevelopment and emotional behavior.