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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

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Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

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Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems01:11

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Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...
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Polyesters and Polyester Nano- and Microcarriers for Drug Delivery.

Stanislaw Slomkowski1, Teresa Basinska1, Mariusz Gadzinowski1

  • 1Division of Functional Polymers and Polymer Materials, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.

Polymers
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aliphatic polyesters offer versatile polymer nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery, minimizing immune reactions. This review covers their synthesis, drug loading, and clinical applications for various cancers.

Keywords:
drug carriermacrolactonenanoparticle preparationpoly(β-butyrolactone)poly(ε caprolactone)polylactide

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Therapeutic delivery often requires carriers to shield drugs from the immune system and healthy tissues.
  • Various nanocarriers exist, including inorganic nanoparticles, liposomes, and polymer-based systems.
  • Aliphatic polyesters are a key polymer class for developing tailored nanocarriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the controlled synthesis of aliphatic polyesters for nanocarrier preparation.
  • To discuss methods for loading drugs into these nanocarriers.
  • To present findings on polyester nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery and clinical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Controlled synthesis of aliphatic polyesters like poly(β-butyrolactone)s, polylactides, polyglycolide, and poly(ε-caprolactone).
  • Preparation of functionalized nanoparticles using copolymers with double bonds.
  • Application of various drug-loading techniques, including nanoprecipitation and direct synthesis methods.
  • In vitro and in vivo studies for brain-targeted drug delivery.

Main Results:

  • Synthesis of aliphatic polymers with controlled molar masses and microstructures.
  • Development of drug-loaded nanocarriers using diverse preparation methods.
  • Demonstration of in vitro and in vivo efficacy for brain-targeted therapies.
  • Update on clinical studies and approved polyester nanocarrier formulations.

Conclusions:

  • Aliphatic polyesters provide a tunable platform for advanced drug delivery systems.
  • Controlled synthesis and formulation methods enable the creation of effective nanocarriers.
  • Polyester nanocarriers show promise in clinical settings for cancer treatment.