Circulating Interleukin-22 in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary
Augusto Ferreira Correia1,2, Carolina Gomes Cavalcanti de Oliveira3, Dinaldo Cavalcanti de Oliveira4
1Internal Medicine Department, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|September 14, 2024
Summary
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) levels are significantly lower in patients experiencing ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who undergo primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) compared to healthy individuals. These lower IL-22 levels correlate with specific coronary artery involvement and shorter treatment times.
Area of Science:
- Immunology and Cardiovascular Medicine
- Biomarker discovery in acute coronary syndromes
Background:
- Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), a critical manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD), carries a poor prognosis.
- Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is vital for myocardial reperfusion in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
- Interleukin-22 (IL-22) modulates immune responses, but its role in STEMI patients undergoing PPCI is unexamined.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare circulating IL-22 levels in STEMI patients undergoing PPCI versus healthy controls.
- To assess associations between IL-22 levels and culprit coronary artery, door-to-balloon time (DBT), angiographic results, CAD classification, and diabetes mellitus (DM).
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 210 STEMI patients and 70 healthy controls were enrolled.
- Serum IL-22 levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
- Clinical and angiographic data were collected; statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney and Fisher tests.
Main Results:
- STEMI patients exhibited significantly lower serum IL-22 levels (149.63) compared to controls (482.67) (p < 0.001).
- Lower IL-22 levels were associated with right coronary artery (RCA) involvement (p = 0.033).
- A trend towards lower IL-22 levels was observed with shorter door-to-balloon times (DBT ≤ 60 min) (p = 0.043).
Conclusions:
- Serum IL-22 levels are markedly reduced in patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI.
- These findings suggest a potential role for IL-22 in the pathophysiology or inflammatory response of STEMI.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the clinical implications of IL-22 in STEMI management.
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