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Related Concept Videos

Hydration of Cement01:24

Hydration of Cement

202
Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
202
Strength and Heat of Hydration01:29

Strength and Heat of Hydration

219
The hydration of cement is an exothermic reaction in which heat is generated as cement hydrates. This heat of hydration is critical to cement's strength development. The rate at which this heat is generated affects the temperature rise, with a majority of the heat being released early in the hydration process, half within the first three days, and about 75% within the first week.
The heat of hydration for each cement compound is significant; for instance, tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and...
219
Pozzolans01:21

Pozzolans

104
Pozzolans are siliceous or aluminous materials blended with Portland cement. They interact with the calcium hydroxide produced during the hydration of Portland cement and contribute to improved strength and durability of concrete. The pozzolanic activity, a measure of a pozzolan's effectiveness, is typically assessed using the strength activity index, as defined in ASTM C 618-93, which calculates the ratio of the compressive strength of cement mixtures with and without pozzolan.
Fly ash is...
104
Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

118
The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
The balance of water to cement in the mix is...
118
Fineness of Cement01:15

Fineness of Cement

121
The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
Direct...
121
Additives and Fillers in Concrete01:29

Additives and Fillers in Concrete

92
Additives and fillers are integral to enhancing the properties of concrete. Pozzolans and blast-furnace slag are additives or admixtures due to their reactions with calcium hydroxide released during cement hydration. Fillers, which are finely ground and similar in fineness to Portland cement, improve concrete attributes such as workability density, and reduce capillary bleeding or cracking. Some fillers possess hydraulic properties or participate in benign reactions within the cement paste.
The...
92
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  11. Effect Of Stöber Nano-sio2 Particles On The Hydration Properties Of Calcined Coal Gangue-blended Cement

Effect of Stöber Nano-SiO2 Particles on the Hydration Properties of Calcined Coal Gangue-Blended Cement

Nan Zhang1, Hao Zhou2, Yueyang Hu3

  • 1Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 14, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adding Stöber nano-silica (SNS) to calcined coal gangue (CCG)-blended cement enhances compressive strength and refines microstructure. The optimal SNS content is 2%, accelerating hydration and pozzolanic reactions.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Calcined coal gangue (CCG) is a supplementary cementitious material.
  • Nano-silica particles can modify cement properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the impact of Stöber nano-silica (SNS) on CCG-blended cements.
  • Evaluate workability, hydration, mechanical properties, and microstructure.

Main Methods:

  • Isothermal calorimetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric (TG) tests for hydration.
  • Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for microstructure.
  • Compressive strength tests at various curing ages (1-28 days).

Main Results:

  • SNS reduced fluidity, especially at 3% content.
Keywords:
Stöber nano-SiO2calcined coal ganguecementcompressive strength

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  • Compressive strength increased significantly with an optimal SNS content of 2%.
  • SNS accelerated early hydration and CCG's pozzolanic reaction, decreasing portlandite.
  • Pore structure refinement and denser microstructure observed.

    • Conclusions:

    • SNS incorporation enhances mechanical properties and refines microstructure in CCG-blended cements.
    • SNS improves early hydration and late-stage pozzolanic activity.
    • Optimal SNS content of 2% is beneficial for compressive strength development.
    hydration