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Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Metabolic Syndrome.
Sunita Kumari1, Shyam Chand Chaudhary1, Kamal Kumar Sawlani1
1Department of Medicine, KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Annals of African Medicine
|September 16, 2024
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects 68% of patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Early diagnosis of OSA in MetS patients is crucial due to its association with increased cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Sleep Medicine
Background:
- Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors.
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to MetS and contributes to significant health issues.
- OSA is a major risk factor for cardiac, cerebrovascular, and metabolic disorders, as well as premature death.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of OSA in patients diagnosed with MetS.
- To investigate the association between OSA severity and metabolic/cardiovascular risk factors in MetS patients.
Main Methods:
- A 1-year cross-sectional study involving 103 patients diagnosed with MetS.
- Patients were screened using the STOP-Bang questionnaire and classified by risk.
- Overnight polysomnography was used to confirm OSA diagnosis in intermediate-to-high risk individuals.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of OSA among MetS patients was 68%, with most cases being moderate-to-severe.
- OSA prevalence increased with age and was higher in males.
- OSA patients exhibited significantly higher weight, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood sugar, and triglyceride levels compared to non-OSA patients. These parameters also correlated with OSA severity.
Conclusions:
- OSA is highly prevalent in individuals with MetS.
- Increased clinical suspicion is necessary for the early diagnosis of OSA in MetS patients.
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