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Tailoring Pseudo-Graphitic Domain by Molybdenum Modification to Boost Sodium Storage Capacity and Durability for Hard
Yaqin Zhou1, Yuanlang Wang1, Chunyan Fu1
1Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|September 16, 2024
Summary
Molybdenum carbide modification of hard carbon spheres enhances sodium-ion battery anodes. This boosts sodium storage capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability for commercial viability.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Hard carbon (HC) is a promising anode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs).
- Key challenges include low first coulombic efficiency (ICE), poor rate capability, and limited cycling stability.
- These issues stem from Na+ transfer kinetics, surface chemistry, and pseudo-graphitic carbon content.
Purpose of the Study:
- To improve the performance of hard carbon anodes for SIBs.
- To address limitations in Na+ transfer kinetics, surface chemistry, and pseudo-graphitic carbon content.
- To develop a commercially viable anode material for SIBs.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of molybdenum-modified hard carbon solid spheres (Mo2C/HC-5.0).
- Comprehensive analysis of ion transfer kinetics, surface chemistry, and carbon structure.
- Electrochemical testing including capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability.
Main Results:
- Mo2C/HC-5.0 exhibits higher pseudo-graphitic carbon content, improved active sites, and a more stable structure.
- Enhanced Na+ transfer kinetics and surface chemistry were observed.
- Achieved high capacity (410.7 mAh g-1 at 50 mA g-1), high ICE (83.9%), excellent rate capability (202.8 mAh g-1 at 2 A g-1), and stable cycling (214.9 mAh g-1 after 800 cycles at 1 A g-1).
Conclusions:
- Molybdenum carbide modification significantly enhances hard carbon anode performance for SIBs.
- The improved material properties lead to superior sodium storage capacity, rate performance, and durability.
- Mo2C/HC-5.0 presents a viable solution for commercializing SIB technology.
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