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Development of Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-cell Lymphoma After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment
Tommy Y Yu1, Zartash Gul2, Alicia M Hunt3
1Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, USA.
Cureus
|September 16, 2024
Summary
Program death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors like nivolumab treat melanoma but can cause side effects. A rare case shows these drugs may also trigger secondary subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL).
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- Program death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors, such as nivolumab, are effective treatments for metastatic melanoma.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) harness the immune system to fight cancer but can cause immune-related adverse effects.
Observation:
- Half of melanoma patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors experience immune-mediated adverse events.
- Secondary lymphoma development is a rare complication of ICI therapy.
Findings:
- We report a case of a 53-year-old woman with stage IV metastatic melanoma treated with nivolumab.
- The patient developed a fatal subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) after nivolumab treatment.
Implications:
- This case highlights a rare but severe potential adverse effect of PD-1 inhibitors.
- Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms linking PD-1 inhibition to SPTCL development and to identify risk factors.
Keywords:
cancer immunotherapycutaneous t-cell lymphomaimmune checkpoint inhibitormelanoma treatmentnivolumab-related adverse events
