The Associations Between Obesity and Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review

This article provides an in-depth review of the relationship between obesity and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our aim is to enhance understanding of the associations between obesity and DVT, particularly in patients with comorbid cardiovascular conditions. This relationship, although significant, is often underrepresented in discussions about obesity and DVT. Current research frequently lacks clarity on whether studies of obesity and DVT account for the presence of coexisting CVD. We draw on data from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and other peer-reviewed medical journals that focus on individuals who are overweight or obese and their association with DVT and CVD. The review begins with an introduction to cardiovascular disease, venous thromboembolic disease, and obesity. We then examine potential links between obesity and DVT, emphasizing the roles of gender, venous stasis, chronic inflammation, and decreased fibrinolytic activity. Key findings suggest that while obesity may contribute to the development of DVT, this association is not significantly affected by adjustments for cardiovascular risk factors. The review highlights the need for further research, specifically targeting studies that investigate cardiovascular disease as an underlying risk factor in obese individuals who develop DVT.