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Related Concept Videos

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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
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Related Experiment Video

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Sample Preparation and Analysis of RNASeq-based Gene Expression Data from Zebrafish
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RNA-modifying enzyme Alkbh8 is involved in mouse embryonic development.

Manami Nakai1, Hiroaki Hase1, Yutong Zhao1

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1- 6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.

Iscience
|September 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

RNA modifications, like 5-methoxycarbonylmethyluridine (mcm5U), are crucial for fetal development. ALKBH8 enzyme regulates these modifications, impacting red blood cell formation and embryogenesis in mice.

Keywords:
EmbryologyMolecular biologydevelopmental biology

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Over 300 post-transcriptional RNA modifications exist, with roles in disease and suggested involvement in fetal development.
  • Aberrant RNA modifications can disrupt normal biological processes, potentially leading to developmental abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate dynamic RNA modifications during mouse embryonic development.
  • To identify specific RNA modifications critical for fetal development and their regulatory mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of RNA modifications across various mouse embryonic and neonatal stages using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).
  • Analysis of tRNA protein translation efficiency and proteome changes in Alkbh8-knockout (KO) mice.

Main Results:

  • Dynamic changes in RNA modifications were observed throughout mouse embryogenesis.
  • The 5-methoxycarbonylmethyluridine (mcm5U) modification showed a distinct increase during the fetal period.
  • Alkbh8-KO mice exhibited reduced tRNA translation efficiency and downregulated factors related to red blood cell and protoporphyrin metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • ALKBH8 plays a vital role in regulating tRNA balance through mcm5U modification.
  • These ALKBH8-dependent modifications are essential for proper red blood cell differentiation and overall mouse embryogenesis.