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Updated: Jun 13, 2025
The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays RPPA to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers
Published on: January 22, 2013
Comprehensive analysis of GINS subunit expression, prognostic value, and immune infiltration in clear cell renal cell
Yuxiang Zhang1, Qian Sun2, Wei Meng1
1Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
Background:
In recent decades, there has been increasing evidence that Go-Ichi-Nii-San (GINS) subunits play an important role in the development and progression of various tumors. However, little research has been conducted on the role of GINS subunits in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This study sought to explore the differential expression, prognosis, and immunological significance of GINS subunits in ccRCC.
Methods:
We used various analysis packages of R (version 3.6.3), the University of ALabama at Birmingham CANcer (UALCAN) data analysis portal, the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), the cBio Cancer Genomics Portal (cBioPortal), and the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) to study the gene expression, promoter methylation level, gene mutations, prognostic and diagnostic value, immune infiltration, pathway enrichment, and other aspects of the GINS subunits. Next, the genes related to the GINS subunits were analyzed using the STRING and GeneMANIA platforms, and the correlation between GINS subunits and the functions involved were investigated.
Results:
The expression level of GINS1/2/3/4 was significantly higher in ccRCC tumor tissues than normal tissues, and was significantly related to tumor grade and stage. The expression of GINS1/2/4 may be related to the methylation degree of the promoter region. The prognostic and diagnostic analyses showed that the increased expression of GINS1 was associated with various poor prognoses and had diagnostic value. The GINS subunit mutation also significantly affected the clinical prognosis of ccRCC patients. Finally, the correlation analysis of the immune infiltration level, co-expression, and enrichment of related genes indicated that GINS subunit expression was associated with different levels of ccRCC immune infiltration.
Conclusions:
The analysis results showed that the differential expression of GINS subunits in ccRCC, which had prognostic and diagnostic value, was correlated with clinicopathological stage, immune infiltration, and other related aspects. GINS1 may serve as a new potential prognostic biomarker for ccRCC patients and be used to guide treatment.
Insights
Go-Ichi-Nii-San (GINS) subunits are upregulated in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and correlate with tumor progression. GINS1 shows potential as a prognostic biomarker for ccRCC patients, guiding treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genomics
Background:
- Go-Ichi-Nii-San (GINS) subunits are implicated in various tumor developments.
- Limited research exists on GINS subunits' role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the differential expression of GINS subunits in ccRCC.
- To explore the prognostic and immunological significance of GINS subunits in ccRCC.
Main Methods:
- Utilized R packages, UALCAN, CCLE, cBioPortal, and TIMER for data analysis.
- Analyzed gene expression, methylation, mutations, prognosis, and immune infiltration of GINS subunits.
- Employed STRING and GeneMANIA for gene interaction and pathway enrichment analysis.
Main Results:
- GINS1/2/3/4 expression was significantly higher in ccRCC tissues and linked to tumor grade and stage.
- GINS1 expression correlated with poor prognosis and demonstrated diagnostic value in ccRCC.
- GINS subunit expression was associated with varying levels of ccRCC immune infiltration.
Conclusions:
- GINS subunits are differentially expressed in ccRCC, offering prognostic and diagnostic value.
- GINS1 may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for ccRCC, aiding treatment decisions.
- GINS subunit expression is linked to clinicopathological features and immune infiltration in ccRCC.
