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Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

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Related Experiment Video

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Neuroimaging Biomarkers in Addiction.

Hamed Ekhtiari1, Arshiya Sangchooli1, Owen Carmichael1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady).

Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
|September 16, 2024
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Summary

Neuroimaging reveals brain changes in addiction, offering potential biomarkers for personalized treatments. These brain markers can predict treatment response and guide novel interventions for substance use disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Addiction is a chronic, relapsing neurobiological disorder.
  • Neuroimaging provides insights into brain activity, structure, and function in addiction.
  • Aberrations in reward, salience, inhibition, and executive functions are implicated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neuroimaging modalities and biomarkers in addiction.
  • To discuss the clinical relevance and potential of neuroimaging biomarkers.
  • To explore future directions for bench-to-bedside translation.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of ClinicalTrials.gov for addiction protocols using neuroimaging.
  • Systematic review of PubMed meta-analyses on neuroimaging in addiction.
  • Analysis of neuroimaging modalities including fMRI, PET, EEG, structural MRI, and MRS.

Main Results:

  • 409 clinical trial protocols utilize neuroimaging in addiction research.
  • Functional MRI (fMRI) is the most common modality (N=268).
  • 61 meta-analyses suggest potential neuroimaging biomarkers for addiction.

Conclusions:

  • Neuroimaging biomarkers can identify vulnerability, predict treatment response, and measure recovery.
  • Biomarkers can inform personalized pharmacological, neuromodulatory, and psychotherapeutic interventions.
  • Integrating biomarkers with neuromodulation offers precise, personalized addiction treatments.