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CAVO Inhibits Airway Inflammation and ILC2s in OVA-Induced Murine Asthma Mice
Feng Huang1, Xiaoyun Tong2, Chunyan Hu1
1School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.
Abstract:
Cang-ai volatile oil (CAVO) is an aromatic Chinese medicine and is widely used to treat upper respiratory tract infections in children. However, the mechanism of CAVO in asthma treatment is unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of CAVO on airway inflammation and the mechanism of inhibiting Group-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in asthmatic mice, which was induced with Ovalbumin (OVA). CAVO improved AHR and airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. CAVO reduced the production of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-9, IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), while increased the production of IL-10, significantly. CAVO also inhibited the suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) and IL-33 expressions in the lung tissue. Moreover, flow analyses demonstrated that CAVO inhibited ILC2s activation by reducing the sedimentation of its upstream cytokines, thus alleviating downstream cytokines. This could be because of the downregulated microRNA-155 and upregulated microRNA-146a. CAVO inhibits ILC2s activation, thus further attenuating airway inflammation and AHR in asthmatic mice. These effects may be related to the downregulation of microRNA-155 and upregulation of microRNA-146a.
Insights
Cang-ai volatile oil (CAVO) effectively treats asthma by reducing airway inflammation and improving airway hyperresponsiveness. It works by inhibiting group-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) through specific microRNA regulation.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
- Traditional Chinese Medicine
Background:
- Cang-ai volatile oil (CAVO), a traditional Chinese medicine, is used for respiratory infections.
- The mechanism of CAVO in asthma treatment remains unclear.
- Asthma involves airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, often mediated by group-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of CAVO on airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma.
- To elucidate the mechanism by which CAVO inhibits ILC2s activation.
- To explore the role of microRNAs in CAVO's anti-asthmatic effects.
Main Methods:
- Asthma was induced in mice using Ovalbumin (OVA).
- Mice were treated with CAVO, and outcomes like airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation were assessed.
- Cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue expression of ST2 and IL-33 were measured.
- Flow cytometry was used to analyze ILC2s activation.
- MicroRNA expression (miR-155 and miR-146a) was analyzed.
Main Results:
- CAVO treatment improved AHR and reduced airway inflammation in asthmatic mice.
- CAVO significantly altered cytokine profiles, decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-9, IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, TSLP) and increasing IL-10.
- CAVO inhibited ST2 and IL-33 expression in lung tissue, reduced ILC2s activation, and modulated miR-155 and miR-146a levels.
Conclusions:
- CAVO exhibits therapeutic effects against asthma by attenuating airway inflammation and AHR.
- CAVO inhibits ILC2s activation, likely through the modulation of microRNA-155 and microRNA-146a.
- These findings suggest CAVO as a potential treatment for asthma, targeting ILC2-mediated inflammation.
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