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Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
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Antibiotics: From Mechanism of Action to Resistance and Beyond

Shyamalima Saikia1, Pankaj Chetia2

  • 1Molecular Plant Taxonomy and Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam 786004 India.

Indian Journal of Microbiology
|September 16, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Antibiotics are crucial for fighting infections, but overuse fuels antimicrobial resistance. This review explores antibiotic mechanisms, resistance, and drug repurposing as a solution.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Antibiotics revolutionized medicine by treating microbial infections.
  • Overuse and suboptimal prescription have led to widespread antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
  • AMR poses a significant global health threat, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the mechanisms of action of antibiotics.
  • To review recent advancements in antibiotic development.
  • To highlight the current state of antimicrobial resistance and explore drug repurposing.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of antibiotic mechanisms.
  • Analysis of current antimicrobial resistance trends.
  • Exploration of drug repurposing strategies for combating resistance.

Main Results:

  • Antibiotic efficacy diminishes over time due to bacterial adaptation and resistance.
  • Understanding complex drug-target interactions is vital for new antibiotic discovery.
  • Drug repurposing offers a promising, accelerated approach to developing new treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous innovation in antibiotic research is essential to counter evolving resistance.
  • Addressing antimicrobial resistance requires a multi-faceted approach, including responsible antibiotic use.
  • Drug repurposing presents a viable and rapid strategy to overcome the challenge of antimicrobial resistance.
Keywords:
Antimicrobial peptideAntimicrobial resistanceDrug repurposingNew antibioticsTetracyclinesβ-lactam antibiotics

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