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Sex-specific Cytokine, Chemokine, And Growth Factor Signatures In T1d Patients And Progressors.

Home
Research Domains
Biomedical And Clinical Sciences
Oncology And Carcinogenesis
Predictive And Prognostic Markers
Sex-specific Cytokine, Chemokine, And Growth Factor Signatures In T1d Patients And Progressors.

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Sex-Specific Cytokine, Chemokine, and Growth Factor Signatures in T1D Patients and Progressors.

Khyati Girdhar, Keiichiro Mine, Jeffrey M DaCosta

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|September 16, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Sex differences impact type 1 diabetes (T1D) cytokine profiles. Female T1D patients show lower inflammatory markers, while males exhibit distinct growth factor changes, highlighting the need for sex-specific T1D research.

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Published on: December 21, 2016

Area of Science:

Immunology
Endocrinology
Genetics

Background:

Cytokine levels in type 1 diabetes (T1D) show inconsistent results across studies.
Potential sex-based differences in T1D pathogenesis remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate sex-specific differences in cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor profiles in type 1 diabetes.
To compare these profiles between T1D patients and controls, and in relation to disease onset.

Main Methods:

Analyzed 48 blood analytes using a multiplex assay in T1D patients (n=25) and controls (n=25).
Performed sex-age-matched comparisons to identify specific alterations.
Examined T1D progressors (n=16-21) for pre-disease biomarker changes.

Main Results:

Overall, only M-CSF and IL-6 differed significantly between T1D patients and controls.
Female T1D patients exhibited lower inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1α), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13), and chemokines (MIP-1α, RANTES, MIP-3) compared to controls.
IL-22 levels were lower in females and higher in males with T1D versus controls.
Growth factors (EGF, PDGF-AB/BB) were elevated in male T1D patients.
GROa was lower in T1D progressors of both sexes.

Conclusions:

Significant sex-based differences exist in the cytokine and growth factor profiles of individuals with type 1 diabetes.
These findings emphasize the importance of sex as a biological variable in T1D.
Understanding these sex-specific alterations is crucial for developing personalized T1D treatments.