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Subclinical Hyperthyroidism and Cardiovascular Disease.

Hye Jeong Kim1,2, Donald S A McLeod2,3

  • 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|September 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Subclinical hyperthyroidism (SCHyper) increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks, including atrial fibrillation and heart failure. Treatment decisions for SCHyper should consider TSH levels and patient age for personalized cardiovascular risk management.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasehyperthyroidismthyroid function

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Subclinical hyperthyroidism (SCHyper) is characterized by low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels without overt symptoms.
  • Growing evidence suggests a link between SCHyper and adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize published data on the association between SCHyper and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population.
  • To evaluate the risk of specific CVD outcomes, including atrial fibrillation, heart failure, stroke, coronary heart disease, major adverse cardiac events, and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature.
  • Analysis of data on SCHyper and its correlation with various CVD risk factors and events.

Main Results:

  • SCHyper is associated with increased risks of atrial fibrillation, heart failure, major adverse cardiac events (MACE), cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.
  • The risk of CVD is higher with more suppressed TSH levels (<0.1 mIU/L) compared to low TSH levels (0.1-0.4 mIU/L).
  • Conflicting results exist for coronary heart disease risk, and limited evidence links SCHyper to stroke risk or age-related increases in CVD risk.

Conclusions:

  • SCHyper is linked to significant cardiovascular risks, particularly atrial fibrillation and heart failure.
  • Individualized treatment strategies for SCHyper are crucial, considering TSH suppression degree and patient age as key risk factors for CVD.