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Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Closed-loop Neuro-robotic Experiments to Test Computational Properties of Neuronal Networks

Closed-loop Neuro-robotic Experiments to Test Computational Properties of Neuronal Networks

Published on: March 2, 2015

Multicellular artificial neural network-type architectures demonstrate computational problem solving.

Deepro Bonnerjee^1,2, Saswata Chakraborty^1,2, Biyas Mukherjee^1,2

¹Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Block AF, Sector-I, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, India.

Nature Chemical Biology

|September 16, 2024

Summary

Engineered bacteria form modular systems that function as artificial neural networks to solve computational problems. This synthetic biology approach enables biocomputing and multicellular computing applications.

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Area of Science:

Synthetic Biology
Biocomputing
Computational Biology

Background:

Modular biological systems offer potential for complex computational tasks.
Engineered cells can be designed to mimic neural components.
Multicellular architectures can perform sophisticated information processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a modular multicellular system using engineered bacterial cells.
To demonstrate the system's capability to perform computational decision problems.
To explore applications in biocomputer technology and synthetic biology.

Main Methods:

Mixing and matching discrete engineered bacterial cells.
Modeling engineered bacteria as artificial neurosynapses.
Forming single-layer artificial neural network-type architectures in cocultures.

Main Results:

Successfully constructed devices performing full adder and full subtractor functions.
Demonstrated problem-solving for prime number identification and vowel detection.
Developed a system to calculate maximum pie slices from straight cuts.

Conclusions:

The modular multicellular system effectively performs diverse computational tasks.
This approach advances biocomputer technology and multicellular synthetic biology.
The engineered neurosynapse model provides a foundation for future biological computation.